President Guillermo Lasso said Sunday the military has been deployed to "strengthen control" and "prevent the entry of drugs from the north (Colombia) or weapons from the south (Peru)."
The president blamed a recent surge in violence on "the settling of scores" between criminal gangs he said were unsettled by government efforts to take drugs off the streets.
Nestled between the world's biggest cocaine producers, Colombia and Peru, the country of 17.7 million people is favored by traffickers because of its porous borders, a dollarized economy and major seaports for export.
A war for drug revenues has pitted gangs at the service of Mexican and Colombian cartels against each other, sending Ecuador's homicide rate surging to 13.92 per 100,000 inhabitants last year from 7.84 in 2020, according to government data.
The power struggle between drug cartels has also drawn in allied prison gangs, with more than 300 inmates killed in riots last year.
Guayaquil, a city of 2.8 million people, is home to Ecuador's main commercial port.
In 2021, the country seized a record 210 tons of drugs, 8.2 tons in Guayaquil last Tuesday alone.
Lasso also announced he was replacing the country's police commander in response to the crime wave.
The president did not specify the size or duration of the military deployment to Guayaquil, where five people were killed and 10 wounded in a shootout in a poor neighborhood last Friday.
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